Suture is the largest class of biomaterials used as human implants, with a huge market of over $2 billion annually. Suture is the most widely used material in wound suturing, with a history of hundreds of years of use. In the early 1970s, with the development of synthetic absorbable polymer polyglycolic acid (PGA), absorbable polymer sutures opened a new chapter and achieved unprecedented commercial success. This article carefully attempts to conduct a comprehensive review of the production, characteristics, biodegradability, and performance of suture materials. Intended to gather scattered data on the chemistry, properties, biodegradability, and performance of absorbable polymer sutures.